Over 1.1 million birds affected in January, impacting supply

The U.S. poultry industry is grappling with a significant challenge as the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) has led to the loss of over 1.1 million birds in January 2026 alone. This development has raised alarm across the sector, particularly in key producing states.

Background

The outbreak has been confirmed in several states, with Iowa, Georgia, and Delaware being notably affected. Iowa, the largest egg producer in the U.S., reported its first case of the year in Kossuth County, impacting a small flock of pheasants and chickens. However, the broader concern lies in the geographical spread of the virus, which has also reached commercial broiler farms in Delaware and a breeder unit in Georgia.

Market Implications

The outbreak in Georgia, a leading state in broiler production, is particularly troubling due to its impact on breeder units. The loss of breeder flocks disrupts the supply chain by reducing the availability of day-old chicks, which could lead to prolonged supply shortages and increased wholesale poultry prices. The ongoing presence of the virus for the fourth consecutive year, with nearly 200 million birds culled since 2022, indicates a shift in the health risk landscape for U.S. poultry.

Industry Response

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has emphasised the importance of immediate isolation of suspected birds and stringent access controls to farms. Early detection remains crucial in minimizing economic damage. Experts note that the avian influenza is no longer a seasonal issue linked to migratory patterns but is now a near-endemic threat, necessitating constant biosecurity measures.

The persistent outbreaks have resulted in volatile prices for eggs and chicken meat and have maintained trade barriers from importers. The industry is forced to adopt permanent 'war' protocols in biosecurity, increasing fixed production costs and requiring ongoing investments to protect commercial flocks from wild birds.

Source